Date Palm Fibers to Improve Tensile Strength in Self-Compacting Concrete with Silica Fume

Document Type : Research Papers

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.

2 M.Sc. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.

3 M.Sc., Laboratory Expert, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.

Abstract

Today, the use of new additives in self-compacting concrete leads to the improvement of its mechanical properties. Palm groves are one of the vegetation covers of Behbahan city in Iran, which cover a large area of land in this region. In this research, due to the abundance of palm groves in the south of Iran, the idea of using date palm fibers in the self-compacting concrete mixing plan has been proposed. The fibers were cut into 3 cm lengths and used in self-compacting concrete as a natural, cheap, and readily available admixture. In this research, palm fibers were used to make self-compacting concrete to improve the mechanical properties of this concrete with percentages of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% weight of cement. The results of the tests showed that the tensile strength of self-compacting concrete with and without date palm fibers with percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight of cement in 7 and 28 days of processing were 16.37%, 34.27%, 56.39%, 82.24% and 13.56%, 27.61%, 46.96%, and 67.6% tensile strength increased compared to the self-compacting concrete sample without date fibers. The compressive strength of self-compacting concrete with and without date palm fibers with 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight of cement in 7 and 28 days of processing are 5.19%, 10.87%, 17.81%, 22.60%, and 4.11%, 9.51%, 15.48%, 22.47% respectively of the compressive strength decreased compared to the self-compacting concrete sample without date fibers.

Keywords

References

Abani, S., Kriker, A. and Khenfer, M. (2018). ''Flexural properties of reinforced date palm fibres concrete in sahara climate'', Technologies and Materials for Renewable Energy, AIP conference proceedings, 1968, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5039267.
Abdullah, A. and Sivakumar, K. (2023). ''Effect of fibre diameter and tensile strength on the mechanical, fracture, and fibre distribution properties of eco-friendly high-strength self-compacting concrete'', Construction and Building Materials, 403, 133161, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.133161.
Ahmad, J., Aslam, F., Zaid, O., Alyousef, R., Alabduljabbar, H. and Manan, A. (2021a). ''Self-fibers compacting concrete properties reinforced with propylene fibers'', Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 28(1), 64-72, https://doi.org/64.72.10.1515/secm-2021-0006.
Ahmad, J., Zaid, O., Aslam, F., Martinez-Garcia, R., Alharthi, Y.M., El Ouni, M.H., Tufail, R.F. and Sharaky, I.A. (2021b). "Mechanical properties and durability assessment of nylon fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete", Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 16, 15589250211062833,  https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250211062833.
Akhmetov, D., Akhazhanov, S., Jetpisbayeva, A., Pukharenko, Y., Root, Y., Utepov, Y. Akhmetov, A. (2022). ''Effect of low-modulus polypropylene fiber on physical and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete'', Case Studies in Construction Materials, 16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00814.
Alatshan, F., Altlomate, M., Mashiri, F. and Alamin, W. (2017). ''Effect of date palm fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete'', International Journal oF Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development, 8(2), 68-80, https://doi.org/10.12972/susb.20170007.
Al-Hadithi, A.I., Majid, A. and Midher, A.H. (2023). ''Structural behavior of reinforced lightweight self-compacting concrete beams using expanded polystyrene as coarse aggregate and containing polyethylene terephthalate fibers'', Structural Concrete Journal Citation Reports, 24(5), 5808-5826, https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202200381.
Askar, M.K., Al-Kamaki, Y.S.S. and Hassan, A. (2023). ''Utilizing polyethylene terephthalate pet in concrete'', Journals Polymers, 15(15), 3320, https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15153320.
Asmaa, H.S. and Khashaa, M. (2022). ''Optimum characteristics of plastic fibres for sustainable self-compacting concrete SCC'', European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 27(9), 2967-2984, https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2022.2119605.
ASTM C150/C150M. (2012). Standard specification for Portland cement, American Society of Testing and Materials Standards, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM C33. (2003). Standard specification for concrete aggregates, American Society of Testing and Materials Standards, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM C494. (2002). Standard specification for chemical admixtures for concrete, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM International, (Vol. 04.02), West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM C494/C494M. (2002). Standard specification for chemical admixtures for concrete, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM International, (Vol. 04.02), West Conshohocken, PA. 
ASTM C94. (2009). Standard specification for ready-mixed concrete, American Society of Testing and Materials Standards, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM C94/C94M – 09. (2009). Standard specification for ready-mixed concrete, Annual Book of ASTM Standards (Vol. 04.02), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM C1611. (2009). Standard test method for slump flow of self-consolidating concrete, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM C1611/C1611M – 09. (2009). Standard test method for slump flow of self-consolidating concrete, Annual Book of ASTM Standards (Vol. 04.02), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM C496. (2002). Ttensile concrete test equipment, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM C496/C496M – 02. (2002). Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, (Vol. 04.02), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
Ayub, T., Khan, S. and Mahmood, W. (2021). ''Mechanical properties of self-compacting rubberized concrete containing polyethylene terephthalate fibres'', Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering, 46, 1073-1085, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-020-00568-6.
Bhat, A.H., Naqash, J.A., Habib, T. and Islam, S.U. (2023). ''Compressive strength and microstructural properties of sustainable concrete containing nanosilica, alccofine and metakaolin'', Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 57(1), 1-15, https://doi.org/10.22059/ceij.2023.348240.1866.
Boutarfa, M., Belouettar, R. and Makradi, A. (2018). "Comparative study of cement mortar reinforced with vegetable fibers (alfa, date palm and diss): Mechanical properties and shrinkage'', Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences, 9(8), 2304-2314. https://www.jmaterenvironsci.com/Document/vol9/vol9_N8/253-JMES-4073-Boutarfa.pdf. jmaterenvironsci.com
Bozorgmehr Nia, S. and Adlparvar, M.A. (2022). ''The effects of waste polyethylene terephthalate particles on the properties of fresh and hardened self-consolidating concrete'', International Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction, 1(1), 6-12, https://doi.org/10.22271/27078329.2022.v1.i1a.3.
Djoudi, A., Khenfer, M.M., Bali, A., Kadri, E.H. and Debicki, G. (2012). ''Performance of date palm fibres reinforced plaster concrete'', International Journal of Physical Sciences, 7, 2845-2853, https://doi.org/10.5897/IJPS11.1553.
Dounia, D., Mourad, B. and Mohammed, B. (2023). ''Effect of date palm and polypropylene fibers on the characteristics of self-compacting concrete'', Structural Integrity and Durability of Structures, 17(64), 31-50, https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.64.03.
Eskandari, A., Omidinasab, F., Sahraei, A.M. and Dalvand, A. (2021). ''Investigating the effect of different types of fibers in improving the flexural performance of recycled concrete beams in the elastic and plastic zones'', Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering, 8(12), 344-362, https://doi.org/10.22065/JSCE.2021.280477.2411.
Falahtabar Shiade, M. and Tavakoli, H.R.  (2018). ''Estimation of mechanical and durability properties of self-compacting concrete with fibers using ultrasonic pulse velocity'', Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering, 6(2), 43-53,  https://doi.org/10.22075/JRCE.2018.798.1099.
Fokam, C.B., Kenmeugne, E., Meva’a, L. and Mansouri, K. (2020). ''Cement mortar reinforced with palm nuts naturals fibers: Study of the mechanical properties'', Revue des Composites et des Matériaux Avancés-Journal of Composite and Advanced Materials, 30(1), 9-13, https://doi.org/10.18280/rcma.300102.
Ghobadi, M., motaghed, S., Mirzaei Aliabadi, M. and Gharaibi, Y. (2019). ''Investigating the fresh and hardened properties of fiber self-compacting concrete'', Scientific Research Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering, 6(4), 43-61, https://doi.org/10.22065/JSCE.2018.102143.1366.
Hossein Bar, A., Mirabi Moghadam, M.H. and Shahryari, A. (2015). "Investigation of the effect of date palm sisal fibers on the tensile strength of concrete", Proceedings of the National Conference on Civil and Architectural Engineering and Physical Development, Saravan, Iran.
INSO 3203-9. (2013). Testing fresh concrete - part 9: self-compacting concrete V-funnel test, Iranian National Standardization Organization, Karaj, Iran, (in Persian).
INSO 3203-10. (2013). Testing fresh concrete - part 9: self- compacting concrete -L box test, Iranian National Standardization Organization, Karaj, Iran, (in Persian).
INSO 11271. (2014). Concrete - measurement of passing ability of self-consolidating concrete by J-ring- test method, Iranian National Standardization Organization, Karaj, Iran, (in Persian).
IRIB News Agency. (2020). ''More than 9 thousand tons of dates were harvested from Behbahan groves'', News code: 2851756, https://www.iribnews.ir/, (in Persian).
ISIRI 3206. (2003). Standard test determining the compressive strength of concrete samples, Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, Tehran, Iran, (in Persian).
Mirabi Moghadam, M.H. (2021). '' Investigation of Cis Palamfiber on the mechanical properties of concrete'', Structural and Construction Engineering Scientific-Research Journal, 8(3), 169-176, https://doi.org/10.22065/jsce.2019.168289.1766.
Modarres, Y., Ghalehnovi, M. (2023). ''The effect of recycled steel fibers from waste tires on concrete properties'', Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 56(1), 1-18, https://doi.org/10.22059/CEIJ.2022.339592.1820.
Ramhormozy, A., Kazeminezhad, E. and Safakhah, S. (2023). ''Effect of polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene fibers on the shear behavior of rc deep beams'', Revista de la Construcción, 22(1), 223-241, https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.22.1.223.
Ramli, M. and Dawood, E.T. (2010). ''Effects of palm fiber on the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete crushed brick'', American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 3(2), 489-493, https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2010.489.493.
Sor, N.H., Ali, T.K.M., Vali, K.S., Ahmed, H.U., Faraj, R.H., Bheel, N. and Mosavi, A. (2022). ''The behavior of sustainable self-compacting concrete reinforced with low-density waste Polyethylene fiber'', Materials Research Express, 9(3), 035501, https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac58e8.
Tawfeeq, A.W. and Ganesh, S. (2022). ''Study on fresh properties, mechanical properties and microstructure behavior of fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete'', Materials Today: Proceedings, 62(12), 6663-6670, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.666.
 Wang, J., Dai, Q. and Si, R. (2022). ''Experimental and numerical investigation of fracture behaviors of steel fiber-reinforced rubber self-compacting concrete'', Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 34(1), 04021379,  https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004010.
Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal
Volume 58, Issue 2
December 2025
Pages 333-349

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 03 December 2023
  • Revise Date: 26 May 2024
  • Accept Date: 23 June 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics