Waffle Slab Behavior Subjected to Blast Load

Document Type : Research Papers

Authors

1 Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran

2 Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology

Abstract

Over the previous years, the use of structure roof systems which can be implemented with long column spans has been welcomed by manufacturers. One of the most widely used roofs is the waffle slab system. Therefore, by reviewing previous studies in the field of roof collapse in reinforced concrete structures under blast, the absence of studies on the performance of waffle slab and comparing its behavior with blast affected RC slabs is observed. Laboratory simulation of this problem requires high cost, high accuracy in model building and much time. In this study, after preliminary model validation with experimental research and two numerical studies in LS-DYNA software, the behavior of waffle slab subjected to blast load and compare its performance with RC slab are investigated. It should be noted that because the blast load is applied to the structure in a very short time, it has a high loading rate. Therefore, the strain rate effects on concrete and reinforcement are considered for achieving real material behavior. The identical volume of concrete and reinforcement used in all roofs is considered in order to evaluate and compare the behavior of the roofs reasonably. Then, the effect of the geometric dimension of waffle molds and the effect of the supporting condition on the Waffle slab responses are studied. Other investigated parameter in this study includes the effect of concrete compressive strength on the behavior of roof under blast load. The mass of the explosive and its distance from the roof surface are other parameters considered in this study. The effect of bar size on the behavior of the roof is also investigated. The results of this study are presented as diagrams and tables showing that given the same volume of concrete and reinforcement in the RC slab and the waffle slab, the central displacement of Waffle slab is reduced to a desirable level. This shows the better behavior of the waffle slab in comparison with the RC slab with the same volume of material under the blast load.

Keywords

Abdollahzadeh, G.R., Jahani, E. and Kashir, Z. (2017). “Genetic programming-based formulation to predict compressive strength of high strength concrete”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 50(2), 207-219.

Augustsson, R. and Harenstam, M. (2010). “Design of reinforced concrete slab with regard to explosion”, M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden.

Chen, W., Hao, H. and Chen, S. (2015). “Numerical analysis of prestressed reinforced concrete beam subjected to blast loading”, Materials and Design, 65, 662-674.

Eltehawy, E. (2009). “Effect of using ferro-cement on the mechanical properties of reinforced concrete slab subjected to dynamic loads”, Aerospace Sciences a Aviation Technology, ASAT-13, 26-28.

Johnson, G.R. and Cook, W.H. (1983). “A constitutive model and data for METALS subjected to large strain, high strain rates and high temperatures”, Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Ballistics, The Hague, The Netherlands, 541-548.

Kheyroddin, A., Sharbatdar, M.K. and Farahani, A. (2019). “Effect of structural height on the location of key element in progressive collapse of RC structures”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 52(1), 41-58.

LS-DYNA. (2006). “Theory manual”, Compiled by John O. Hallquist, Livermore Software Corporation, Livermore, California.

Meng, Q., Wu, Ch., Su, Y., Li, J., Liu, J. and Pang, J. (2019). “A study of steel wire mesh reinforced high performance geopolymer concrete slabs under blast loading”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 210, 1150-1163.

Pandey, A.K., Kumar, R., Paul, D.K. and Trikha, D.N. (2006). “Non-linear response of reinforced concrete containment structure under blast loading”, Nuclear Engineering and Design, 236, 993-1002.

Rezaie, F., Fakhradini, S.M. and Ghahremannejad, M. (2018). “Numerical evaluation of progressive collapse potential in reinforced concrete buildings with various floor plans due to single column removal”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 51(2), 405-424.

Shuaib, M. and Daoud, O. (2015). “Numerical modelling of reinforced concrete slabs under blast loads of close-in detonations using the lagrangian approach”, Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 628 (1), 1-8.

Tavakoli, H.R. and Kiakojouri, F. (2015). “Threat-independent column removal and fire-induced progressive collapse: Numerical study and comparison”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 48(1), 121-131.

Wang, W., Zhang, D., Lu, F., Wang, S.C. and Tang, F. (2013). “Experimental study and numerical simulation of the damage mode of a square reinforced concrete slab under close-in explosion”, Engineering Failure Analysis, 27, 41-51.

Xu, K. and Lu, Y. (2006). “Numerical simulation study of spallation in reinforced concrete plates subjected to blast loading”, Computers and Structures, 84, 431-438.

Yang, F., Feng, W., Liu, F., Jing, L., Yuan, B. and Chen, D. (2019). “Experimental and numerical study of rubber concrete slabs with steel reinforcement under close-in blast loading”, Construction and Building Materials, 198, 423-436.

Zahrai, S.M. and Ezoddin, A.R. (2014). “Numerical study of progressive collapse in intermediate moment resisting reinforced concrete frame due to column removal”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 47(1), 71-88.

Zhao, C.F. and Chen, J.Y. (2013) “Damage mechanism and mode of square reinforced concrete slab subjected to blast loading”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 63-64, 54-62.

Zhao, Ch., Lu, X., Wang, Q., Gautam, A., Wang, J. and Mo, Y.L. (2019). “Experimental and numerical investigation of steel-concrete (SC) slabs under contact blast loading”, Engineering Structures, 196, 1-13.

References

Abdollahzadeh, G.R., Jahani, E. and Kashir, Z. (2017). “Genetic programming-based formulation to predict compressive strength of high strength concrete”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 50(2), 207-219.
Augustsson, R. and Harenstam, M. (2010). “Design of reinforced concrete slab with regard to explosion”, M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden.
Chen, W., Hao, H. and Chen, S. (2015). “Numerical analysis of prestressed reinforced concrete beam subjected to blast loading”, Materials and Design, 65, 662-674.
Eltehawy, E. (2009). “Effect of using ferro-cement on the mechanical properties of reinforced concrete slab subjected to dynamic loads”, Aerospace Sciences a Aviation Technology, ASAT-13, 26-28.
Johnson, G.R. and Cook, W.H. (1983). “A constitutive model and data for METALS subjected to large strain, high strain rates and high temperatures”, Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Ballistics, The Hague, The Netherlands, 541-548.
Kheyroddin, A., Sharbatdar, M.K. and Farahani, A. (2019). “Effect of structural height on the location of key element in progressive collapse of RC structures”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 52(1), 41-58.
LS-DYNA. (2006). “Theory manual”, Compiled by John O. Hallquist, Livermore Software Corporation, Livermore, California.
Meng, Q., Wu, Ch., Su, Y., Li, J., Liu, J. and Pang, J. (2019). “A study of steel wire mesh reinforced high performance geopolymer concrete slabs under blast loading”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 210, 1150-1163.
Pandey, A.K., Kumar, R., Paul, D.K. and Trikha, D.N. (2006). “Non-linear response of reinforced concrete containment structure under blast loading”, Nuclear Engineering and Design, 236, 993-1002.
Rezaie, F., Fakhradini, S.M. and Ghahremannejad, M. (2018). “Numerical evaluation of progressive collapse potential in reinforced concrete buildings with various floor plans due to single column removal”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 51(2), 405-424.
Shuaib, M. and Daoud, O. (2015). “Numerical modelling of reinforced concrete slabs under blast loads of close-in detonations using the lagrangian approach”, Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 628 (1), 1-8.
Tavakoli, H.R. and Kiakojouri, F. (2015). “Threat-independent column removal and fire-induced progressive collapse: Numerical study and comparison”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 48(1), 121-131.
Wang, W., Zhang, D., Lu, F., Wang, S.C. and Tang, F. (2013). “Experimental study and numerical simulation of the damage mode of a square reinforced concrete slab under close-in explosion”, Engineering Failure Analysis, 27, 41-51.
Xu, K. and Lu, Y. (2006). “Numerical simulation study of spallation in reinforced concrete plates subjected to blast loading”, Computers and Structures, 84, 431-438.
Yang, F., Feng, W., Liu, F., Jing, L., Yuan, B. and Chen, D. (2019). “Experimental and numerical study of rubber concrete slabs with steel reinforcement under close-in blast loading”, Construction and Building Materials, 198, 423-436.
Zahrai, S.M. and Ezoddin, A.R. (2014). “Numerical study of progressive collapse in intermediate moment resisting reinforced concrete frame due to column removal”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 47(1), 71-88.
Zhao, C.F. and Chen, J.Y. (2013) “Damage mechanism and mode of square reinforced concrete slab subjected to blast loading”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 63-64, 54-62.
Zhao, Ch., Lu, X., Wang, Q., Gautam, A., Wang, J. and Mo, Y.L. (2019). “Experimental and numerical investigation of steel-concrete (SC) slabs under contact blast loading”, Engineering Structures, 196, 1-13.
Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal
Volume 54, Issue 2
December 2021
Pages 365-380

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History

  • Receive Date: 02 April 2020
  • Revise Date: 13 June 2020
  • Accept Date: 29 June 2020

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