Discrete Element Modeling of Dynamic Compaction with Different Tamping Condition

Document Type : Research Papers

Authors

1 -

2 Civil Engineering Department, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

Abstract

Dynamic Compaction (DC) is a common deep compaction method that is usually used for densification of coarse-grained soils. Although traditional continuum-based models such as the Finite Element Method can be successfully applied for assessment of stress distributions or deformations induced by DC, they are typically not adequate for capturing the grain scale mechanisms of soil behavior under impact. In contrast, numerical models such as Discrete Element Method (DEM) in which the interaction of constituting distinct elements is explicitly simulated are promising for simulation of DC process. In this study, dynamic compaction in a dry rockfill was simulated through a two-dimensional DEM model. Based on the developed model, a series of analyses with various tamper weights and drop heights were conducted to investigate the effects of important factors such as energy and momentum per drop on DC results. Comparison of the obtained results with experimental observations reveal the capability of DEM for simulation of DC. The numerical simulations also confirm the positive effect of using conical-based tampers in DC process.

Keywords


 
Ardeshir, B.A., Eskandari, G.M. and Vaseghi, A.J. (2013). “Analytical solution for a two-layer transversely isotropic half-space affected by an arbitrary shape dynamic surface load”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 46(1), 1-14.
Arslan, H., Baykal, G. and Ertas, O. (2007). “Influence of tamper weight shape on dynamic compaction”, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement,11(2), 61-66.
Boutt, D. and McPherson, B. (2002). “The role of particle packing in modeling rock mechanical behavior using discrete elements”, In: Discrete Element Methods: Numerical Modeling of Discontinua, 86-92.
Cui, Y., Nouri, A., Chan, D. and Rahmati, E. (2016). “A new approach to DEM simulation of sand production”, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 147, 56-67.
Cundall, P.A. and Strack, O.D. (1979). “A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies”, Geotechnique, 29(1), 47-65.
Feng, T.W., Chen, K.H., Su, Y.T. and Shi, Y.C. (2000). “Laboratory investigation of efficiency of conical-based pounders for dynamic compaction”, Geotechnique, 50(6), 667-674.
Garner, S., Strong, J. and Zavaliangos, A. (2018). “Study of the die compaction of powders to high relative densities using the discrete element method”, Powder Technology, 330, 357-370.
Ghanbari, E. and Hamidi, A. (2014). “Numerical modeling of rapid impact compaction in loose sands”, Geomechanics and Engineering, 6(5), 487-502.
Ghassemi, A. and Pak, A. (2015). “Numerical simulation of sand production experiment using a coupled Lattice Boltzmann–Discrete Element method”, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering135, 218-231.
Ghassemi, A., Pak, A. and Shahir, H. (2009). “Validity of Menard relation in dynamic compaction operations”, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Ground Improvement, 162(1), 37-45.
Ghassemi, A., Pak, A. and Shahir, H. (2010). “Numerical study of the coupled hydro-mechanical effects in dynamic compaction of saturated granular soils”, Computers and Geotechnics, 37(1-2), 10-24.
Hosseininia, E.S. (2016). “On the Stress-Force-Fabric relationship in anisotropic granular materials”, International Conference on Discrete Element Methods, Springer, Singapore, 475-483.
Itasca, C.G. (2014). “PFC (Particle Flow Code in 2 and 3 dimensions), version 5.0, User’s manual”, Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 32(6), 189-213.
Jia, M., Yang, Y., Liu, B. and Wu, S. (2018). “PFC/FLAC coupled simulation of dynamic compaction in granular soils”, Granular Matter, 20(4), 76.
Jiang, M., Wu, D. and Xi, B. (2016). “DEM simulation of dynamic compaction with different tamping energy and calibrated damping parameters”, International Conference on Discrete Element Methods, Springer, Singapore, 845-851.
Lukas R.G. (1995). Geotechnical engineering circular No. 1: Dynamic compaction, No. FHWA-SA-95-037, United States. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Technology Applications.
Ma, Z.Y., Dang, F.N. and Liao, H.J. (2014). “Numerical study of the dynamic compaction of gravel soil ground using the discrete element method”, Granular Matter, 16(6), 881-889.
Ma, Z., Liao, H., Ning, C. and Liu, L. (2015). “Numerical study of the dynamic compaction via DEM”, Japanese Geotechnical Society Special Publication, 1(3), 17-22.
Mayne, P.W., Jones Jr, J.S. and Dumas, J.C. (1984). “Ground response to dynamic compaction”, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 110(6), 757-774.
Mehdipour, S. and Hamidi, A. (2017). “Impact of tamper shape on the efficiency and vibrations induced during dynamic compaction of dry sands by 3D Finite Element modeling”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 50(1), 151-163.
Menard, L. and Broise, Y. (1975). “Theoretical and practical aspects of dynamic consolidation”, Geotechnique, 25(1), 3-18.
Nazhat, Y. and Airey, D.W. (2012). “The effect of different tamper geometries on the dynamic compaction of sandy soils”, International Symposium on Ground Improvement (IS-GI),
Oshima, A. and Takada, N. (1997). “Relation between compacted area and ram momentum by heavy tamping”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering-International Society for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 3, AA Balkema, 1641-1644
Roesset, J.M., Kausel, E., Cuellar, V., Monte, J.L. and Valerio, J. (1994). “Impact of weight falling onto the ground”, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 120(8), 1394-1412.
Shahebrahimi S.S. (2018). “Numerical simulation of dynamic compaction using Discrete Element method”, M.Sc. Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
Slocombe (2004). “Dynamic compaction”, In: Moseley, M.P. and Kirsch, K. (eds.), Ground improvement, CRC Press., 93-118.
Syed, Z.I. (2017). “Development and calibration of discrete element method inputs to mechanical responses of granular materials”, Ph.D. Dissertation, Iowa State University.
Takada, N. (1994). “Comparison between field and centrifuge model tests of heavy damping”, Proceedings of International Conference on Centrifuge.
Teufelsbauer, H., Hübl, J. and Wu, W. (2009). “A revision of the linear-dashpot model applied in PFC”, Contemporary Engineering Sciences, 2(4), 165-178.
Wada, K., Senshu, H. and Matsui, T. (2006). “Numerical simulation of impact cratering on granular material”, Icarus, 180(2), 528-545.
Wang, P. and Arson, C. (2016). “Discrete element modeling of shielding and size effects during single particle crushing”, Computers and Geotechnics, 78, 227-236.
Wei, J. and Wang, G. (2017). “Discrete-element method analysis of initial fabric effects on pre-and post-liquefaction behavior of sands”, Géotechnique Letters, 7(2), 161-166.
Xu, N., Zhang, J., Tian, H., Mei, G. and Ge, Q. (2016). “Discrete element modeling of strata and surface movement induced by mining under open-pit final slope”, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 88, 61-76.
Yang, J.J., Liu, F., Toyosawa, Y., Horiyi, N. and Itoh, K. (2007). “Particle size effects on bearing capacity of sandy ground in centrifugal tests”, Yantu Gongcheng Xuebao (Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering), 29(4), 477-483.