Investigation of the Effects of Link Beam Length on the RC Frame Retrofitted with the Linked Column Frame System

Document Type : Research Papers

Authors

1 Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran.

2 Civil Engineering Faculty, Semnan University

3 semnan university

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of different link beam lengths in the Reinforced Concrete (RC) frame retrofitted with the Linked Column Frame (LCF) system. It also investigates the ratio of the link beam length (e) to the span length of the RC frame (L) from 0 to 1.5 for the 9 models of the RC frame retrofitted by the LCF system has been investigated. In addition, it studies the formation of plastic hinges in the RC and Linked Column (LC) frame, distribution of stiffness between the RC and LC frame and the ratio of the structural displacement with the formation of the first plastic hinge in the member of the RC frame at the collapse prevention level (Dp LCF) to the structural displacement with the formation of the first plastic hinge in the link beam (Dy LCF) has been studied. Based on the nonlinear static analysis results, the model with the ratio of e/L= 0.45 has a better performance than other different lengths of the link beam. In this model, the stiffness of the LC frame has increased about 78% in comparison with the model with the ratio of e/L that is more than 0.6. Also, the ratio of Dp LCF to Dy LCF for the model of e/L = 0.45 in comparison with two models of e/L = 0.3 and 0.6 is more about 14% and 22%, respectively. It means that, the model of e/L = 0.45 has more potential to reach the performance level of Rapid Repair (RR) to occupancy.

Keywords


 
ABAQUS 6.14. (2016). Analysis users’s guide: Volume IV: Elements.
Abdollahzadeh, G. and Banihashemi, M. (2013). “Response modification factor of dual moment-resistant frame with buckling restrained brace (BRB)”, Steel and Composite Structures, 14(6), 621-636.
ACI Committee 318 (2014). Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary (ACI 318 R-14), American Concrete Institute: Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
ANSI/AISC 341. (2010). Seismic provisions for structural steel buildings, American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA
Applied Technology Council, (1996). Seismic evaluation and retrofit of concrete buildings, ATC- 40 report, Redwood City, California.
Bai, J. and Ou, J. (2016), "Earthquake-resistant design of buckling-restrained braced RC moment frames using performance-based plastic design method", Engineering Structures, 107, 66-79.
Bouwkamp, J., Vetr, M.G. and Ghamari, A. (2016), "An analytical model for inelastic cyclic response of eccentrically braced frame with vertical shear link (V-EBF)", Case Studies in Structural Engineering, 6, 31-44.
Broujerdian, V., Shayanfar, M. and Ghamari, A. (2017), "Corner crack effect on the seismic behavior of steel plate shear wall system", Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 50(2), 311-332.
Building Seismic Safety Council. (2000). Pre-standard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings, Report FEMA-356, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, D.C.
Bypour, M., Gholhakia, M., Kioumarsib, M. and Kioumarsia, B. (2019), “Nonlinear analysis to investigate effect of connection type on behavior of steel plate shear wall in RC frame”, Engineering Structures, 179, 611-624.
Choi, I.R. and Park, H.G. (2008). “Cyclic test for framed steel plate walls with various infill plate details”, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, Beijing, China.
Choi, I.R. and Park, H.G. (2011). “Cyclic loading test for reinforced concrete frame with thin steel infill plate”, Journal of Structural Engineering, 137(6), 654-664.
Dargush, G.F. and Soong, T.T. (1995). “Behavior of metallic plate dampers in seismic passive energy dissipation systems”, Earthquake Spectra, 11(4), 545-568.
Dusicka, P. and Iwai, R. (2007). “Development of linked column frame system for seismic lateral loads”, In: Structural Engineering Research Frontiers, Long Beach, California, United States, 1-13. 
Dusicka, P. and Lewis, G. (2010). “Investigation of replaceable sacrificial steel links", Proceedings of the 9th U.S. National and 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, No. 1659. EERI, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Fintel, M. and Ghosh, S.K. (1981). “The structural Fuse: An inelastic approach to earthquake-resistant design of buildings”, Civil Engineering, ASCE, 51(1), 48-51.
Haji, M., Naderpour, H. and Kheyroddin, A. (2019), "Experimental study on influence of proposed FRP-strengthening techniques on RC circular short columns considering different types of damage index", Composite Structures, 209, 112-128.
Hemmati, A., Kheyroddin, A. and Farzad, M. (2020), "Experimental study of reinforced concrete frame rehabilitated by concentric and eccentric bracing", Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering, 8(1), 97-108.
Kasai, K. and Popov, E.P. (1984). "On seismic design of eccentrically braced steel frames", Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, San Francisco, CA, July 21-28, 5, 387-394.
Kheyroddin, A., Gholhaki, M. and Pachideh, G. (2019), "Seismic evaluation of reinforced concrete moment frames retrofitted with steel braces using IDA and pushover methods in the near-fault field", Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering, 7(1), 159-173.
Kheyroddin, A., Sepahrad, R., Saljoughian, M. and Kafi, M.A. (2019), "Experimental evaluation of RC frames retrofitted by steel jacket, X-brace and X-brace having ductile ring as a structural fuse", Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation, 4(1), 11.
Kianmofrad, F., Ghafoori, E., Motavalli, M. and Rahimian, M. (2018). “Analytical solutions for the flexural behavior of metal beams strengthened with prestressed unbonded CFRP plates”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 51(1), 101-118.
Li, S., Jiang, H. and He, L. (2019), "Study of a new type of replaceable coupling beam in reinforced concrete shear wall structures", The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 28(10),  e1620. 
Lia, Y.W., Lib, G.Q., Jiangc J., Sun F.F. (2018). “Mitigating seismic response of RC moment resisting frames using steel energy-dissipative columns”, Engineering Structures, 174, 586-600.
Lin, X., Wu, K., Skalomenos, K.A., Lu, L. and Zhao, S. (2019), "Development of a buckling-restrained shear panel damper with demountable steel-concrete composite restrainers", Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 118, 221-230.
Lu, X., Chen, Y. and Jiang, H. (2018), "Earthquake resilience of reinforced concrete structural walls with replaceable “fuses”", Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 22(5), 801-825.
Malakoutian, M., Berman, J.W. and Dusicka, P. (2013). “Seismic response evaluation of the linked column frame system”, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 42, 795-814.
Malakoutian, M., Berman, J.W., Dusicka, P. and Lopes, A. (2016). “Quantification of linked column frame seismic performance factors for use in seismic design”, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 20, 535-558.
Mohsenzadeh, V. and Wiebe, L. (2018). “Effect of beam-column connection fixity and gravity framing on the seismic collapse risk of special concentrically braced frames”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 115, 685-697.
Nader, M., Baker, G., Duxbury, J. and Maroney, B. (2000), “Seismic design for the self-anchored suspension bridge, san Francisco Oakland bay bridge”, Proceedings of the 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Auckland, New Zealand.
Pandikkadavath, M.S. and Sahoo, D.R. (2017). “Mitigation of seismic drift response of braced frames using short yielding-core BRBs”, Steel and Composite Structures, 23(3), 285-302.
Shahrooz, B.M., Fortney, P.J. and Harries, K.A. (2017), "Steel coupling beams with a replaceable fuse", Journal of Structural Engineering, 144(2), 04017210.
Shen, Y., Christopoulos, C., Nabil, M. and Tremblay, R. (2011). “Seismic design and performance of steel moment-resisting frames with nonlinear replaceable links”, Journal of Structural Engineering, 137(10), 1107-1117.
Shoeibi, S., Kafi, M.A. and Gholhaki, M. (2017). “New performance-based seismic design method for structures with structural fuse system”, Engineering Structures, 132, 745-760.
TahamouliRoudsari, M., Eslamimanesh, M.B., Entezari A.R., Noori, O. and Torkaman, M. (2018). “Experimental assessment of retrofitting RC moment resisting frames with ADAS and TADAS yielding dampers”, Structures, 14, 75-87.
Zahrai, S.M., Ezoddin, A. (2018). “Cap truss and steel strut to resist progressive collapse in RC frame structures”, Steel and Composite Structures, 26(5), 635-647.