Refinement to the Existing Analytical Methods of Analysis of Buried Pipelines due to Strike-Slip Faulting

Document Type : Research Papers

Authors

1 Civil Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Structure, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Analytical methods presented to analyze the buried steel pipelines at strike-slip fault crossing use the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The cross-section of a buried pipe that is completely surrounded by soil cannot rotate freely and would not be remained perpendicular to the bending line after deformation. So it would be better to take into consideration a rotation between the cross-section and the bending line. The developed model improves the existing methodologies by using the Timoshenko beam theory and considering the shear deformations as a refinement to the existing methodologies. The proposed model results are compared with the results of an existing analytical model and it is found that the maximum bending and axial strains decrease with taking into consideration the shear deformations. Furthermore, it is shown that the difference between the results of models increases with an increase in the burial depth.

Keywords

References

 
Abdoun, T.H., Ha, D., O’Rourke, M.J., Symans, M.D., O’Rourke, T.D., Palmer, M.C. and Stewart, H.E. (2009). “Factors influencing the behavior of buried pipelines subjected to earthquake faulting”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 29(3), 415-427.
ALA (American Lifeline Alliance). (2001). Guidelines for the design of buried steel pipe, FEMA, Washington, DC.
Barros, R.C. and Pereira, M. (2004). “A parametric study on the comprehensive analysis of pipelines under generalized actions”, 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
Chaudhari, V., Kumar, V.D. and Kumar, R.P. (2013). “Finite Element analysis of buried continuous pipeline subjected to fault motion”, International Journal of Structural Engineering, 4(4), 314-331.
Demofonti, G., Ferino, J., Karamanos, S.A., Vazouras, P. and Dakoulas, P. (2013). “An integrated experimental - numerical approach to predict strain demand for buried steel pipelines in geo-hazardous areas”, Rio Pipeline Conference and Exposition, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Erami, M.H., Miyajima, M., Kaneko, S., Toshima, T. and Kishi, S. (2015). “Pipe-soil interaction for segmented buried pipelines subjected to dip faults”, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 44(3), 403-417.
Ha, D., Abdoun, T.H., O’Rourke, M.J., Symans, M.D., O’Rourke, T.D., Palmer, M.C. and Stewart, H.E. (2010). “Earthquake faulting effects on buried pipelines – case history and centrifuge study”, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 14(5), 646-669.
Hojat Jalali, H., Rofooei, F.R. and Attari, N.K.A. (2018). “Performance of buried gas distribution pipelines subjected to reverse fault movement”, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 22(6), 1068-1091.
Hojat Jalali, H., Rofooei, F.R., Attari, N.K.A. and Samadian, M. (2016). “Experimental and finite element study of the reverse faulting effects on buried continuous steel gas pipelines”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 86, 1-14.
Hutchinson, J.R. (2001). “Shear coefficients for Timoshenko beam theory”, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 68, 87-92.
Karamitros, D.K., Bouckovalas, G.D. and Kouretzis, G.P. (2007). “Stress analysis of buried steel pipelines at strike-slip fault crossings”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 27(3), 200-211.
Kennedy, R.P., Chow, A.W. and Williamson, R.A. (1977). “Fault movement effects on buried oil pipeline”, Transportation Engineering Journal of ASCE, 103(5), 617-633.
Moradi, M., Rojhani, M., Ghalandarzadeh, A. and Takada, S. (2013). “Centrifuge modeling of buried continuous pipelines subjected to normal faulting”, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 12(1), 155-164.
Newmark, N.M. and Hall, W.J. (1975). “Pipeline design to resist large fault displacement”, Proceedings of the U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
O’Rourke, M.J. and Liu, X. (2012). Seismic design of buried and offshore pipelines, Monograph MCEER-12-MN04, The Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Buffalo, New York.
O’Rourke, T.D. and Palmer, M.C. (1996). “Earthquake performance of gas transmission pipelines”, Earthquake Spectra, 12(3), 493-527.
Rashidifar, M.A. and Rashidifar, A.A. (2013). “Analysis of vibration of a pipeline supported on elastic soil using differential transform method”, American Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 1(4), 96-102.
Saiyar, M., Ni, P., Take, W.A. and Moore, I.D. (2016). “Response of pipelines of different flexural stiffness to normal faulting”, Géotechnique, 66(4), 275-286.
Sarvanis, G.C. and Karamanos, S.A. (2017). “Analytical model for the strain analysis of continuous buried pipelines in geohazard”, Engineering Structures, 152, 57-69.
Sarvanis, G.C., Karamanos, S.A., Vazouras, P., Mecozzi, E., Lucci, A. and Dakoulas, P. (2017). “Permanent earthquake-induced actions in buried pipelines: Numerical modeling and experimental verification”, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 47(4), 1-22.
Takada, S., Hassani, N. and Fukuda, K. (2001). “A new proposal for simplified design of buried steel pipes crossing active faults”, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 30(8), 1243-1257.
Timoshenko, S.P. (1921). “On the correction shear of shear of the differential equation for transverse vibration of prismatic bars”, Philosophical Magazine, 41, 744-746.
Towhata, I. (2010). Geotechnical earthquake engineering, Springer Series in Geo-Mechanics and Geoengineering, pp. 684.
Trifonov, O.V. (2015). “Numerical stress-strain analysis of buried steel pipelines crossing active strike-slip faults with an emphasis on fault modeling aspects”, Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice, 6(1), 04014008-1-04014008-10.
Trifonov, O.V. and Cherniy, V.P. (2010). “A semi-analytical approach to a nonlinear stress-strain analysis of buried steel pipelines crossing active faults”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 30(11), 1298-1308.
Uckan, E., Akbas, B., Shen, J., Rou, W., Paolacci, F. and O’Rourke, M. (2015). “A simplified analysis model for determining the seismic response of buried steel pipes at strike-slip fault crossings”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 75, 55-65.
Van ES, S.H.J. and Gresnigt, A.M. (2016). “Experimental and numerical investigation into the behavior of buried steel pipelines under strike-slip fault movement”, Proceedings of the 11th International Pipeline Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Vazouras, P., Dakoulas, P. and Karamanos, S.A. (2015). “Pile-soil interaction and pipeline performance under strike-slip fault movements”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 72, 48-65.
Wang, L.R.L. and Yeh, Y.A. (1985). “A refined seismic analysis and design of buried pipeline for fault movement”, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 13(1), 75-96.
Xie, X., Symans, M.D., O’Rourke, M.J., Abdoun, T.H., O’Rourke, T.D., Palmer, M.C. and Stewart, H.E. (2011). “Numerical modeling of buried HDPE pipelines subjected to strike-slip faulting”, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 15(8), 1273-1296.
Xie, X., Symans, M.D., O’Rourke, M.J., Abdoun, T.H., O’Rourke, T.D., Palmer, M.C. and Stewart, H.E. (2013). “Numerical modeling of buried HDPE pipelines subjected to normal faulting: A case study”, Earthquake Spectra, 29(2), 609-632.
Yin, J.H. (2000). “Closed-form solution for reinforced Timoshenko beam on elastic foundation”, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 126(8), 868-874.
Zhang, L., Liang, Z. and Han, C.J. (2014). “Buckling behavior analysis of buried gas pipeline under strike-slip fault displacement”, Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 21, 921-928.
Zhang, L., Zhao, X., Yan, X. and Yang, X. (2016). “A new finite element model of buried steel pipelines crossing strike-slip faults considering equivalent boundary springs”, Engineering Structures, 123, 30-44.
 
Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal
Volume 52, Issue 2
December 2019
Pages 309-322

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 10 October 2018
  • Revise Date: 03 October 2019
  • Accept Date: 28 September 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics