The Elastic Modulus of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) with Random Distribution of Aggregate and Fiber

Document Type : Research Papers

Authors

1 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Civil Eng., Faculty of Eng., University of Guilan, PO Box 3756, Rasht, Iran

2 MS Student, Dept. of Civil Eng., Faculty of Eng., University of Guilan, PO Box 3756, Rasht, Iran

Abstract

The present paper offers a meso-scale numerical model to investigate the effects of random distribution of aggregate particles and steel fibers on the elastic modulus of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC). Meso-scale model distinctively models coarse aggregate, cementitious mortar, and Interfacial Transition Zone (ITZ) between aggregate, mortar, and steel fibers with their respective material properties. The interfaces between fibers and mortar have been assumed perfectly bonded. Random sampling principle of Monte Carlo's simulation method has been used to generate the random size, orientation, and position of aggregate particles as well as steel fibers in concrete matrix. A total of 2100 two-dimensional and three-dimensional cube specimens (150 mm) with varying volume fractions of aggregate and fiber have been randomly generated. The commercial code ABAQUS has been used to analyze the specimens under tensile loading and the calculated elastic modulus has been compared to other analytical and experimental values. Results indicate that the non-homogeneity of the matrix and random distribution of aggregate and fibers manage to disperse calculated efficiency factor of fiber with a standard deviation of 2.5% to 3.0% (for 150 mm cube specimens, it can be different for other specimens). Nevertheless, the mean value of the calculated efficiency factor agrees well with the value, recommended by Hull (1981), for uniformly-distributed fibers, equal to 0.353, and 0.151 for two and three-dimensional models respectively.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Ahmad, H.A. and Lagoudas, C.L. (1991). “Effective elastic properties of fiber-reinforced concrete with random fibers”, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 117(12), 2931-2938.
Bernardi, P., Cerioni, R. and Michelini, E. (2013). “Analysis of post-cracking stage in SFRC elements through a non-linear numerical approach”, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 108, 238-250.
Comby-Peyrot, I., Bernard, F., Bouchard, P., Bay, F. and Garcia-Diaz, E. (2009). “Development and validation of a 3D computational tool to describe concrete behavior at meso-scale; application to the alkali-silica reaction”, Computational Material Science, 46, 1163-1177.
Cox, H.L. (1952). “The elasticity and strength of paper and other fibrous materials”, British Journal of Applied Physics, 3(3), 72-79.
Ding, Y. (2011). “Investigations into the relationship between deflection and crack mouth opening displacement of SFRC beam”, Construction and Building Materials, 25(5), 2432-2440.
Gal, E. and Kryvoruk, R. (2011). “Fiber reinforced concrete properties; a multiscale approach”, Computers and Structures, 8(5), 525-539.
Grassl, P., Gregoire, D., Solano, L.R. and Pijaudier-Cobat, G. (2012). “Meso-scale modeling of the size effect on fracture process zone of concrete”, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 49(13), 1818-1827.
Grassl, P. and Jirasek, M. (2010). “Meso-scale approach to modeling the fracture process zone of concrete subjected to uniaxial tension”, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 47(13), 957-968.
Grassl, P. and Rempling, R. (2008). “A damage-plasticity interface approach to the meso-scale modeling of concrete subjected to cyclic compressive loading”, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 75(16), 4804-4818.
Hao, Y.F., Hao, H. and Li, Z.X. (2009). “Numerical analysis of lateral inertial confinement effects on impact test of concrete compressive material properties”, International Journal of Protective Structures, 1(1), 143-145.
Hill, R. (1965). “A self-consistent mechanics of composite materials”, Journal of Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 13(4), 213-222.
Huang, Y., Yang, Z., Ren, W., Liu, G. and Zhang, C. (2015). “3D meso-scale fracture modeling and validation of concrete based on in-situ X-ray Computed Tomography images using damage plasticity model”, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 67-68, 340-352.
Hull, D. (1981). An introduction to composite materials, Cambridge University Press, London.
Hung, L.T., Dormieux, L., Jeannin, L., Burlion, N. and Barthélémy, J.F. (2008). “Nonlinear behavior of matrix-inclusion composites under high confining pressure: application to concrete and mortar”, Comptes Rendus Mecanique, 336(8), 670-676.
Islam, M., Khatun, S., Islam, R., Dola, J.F., Hussan, M. and Siddique, A. (2014). “Finite Element analysis of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC): Validation of experimental shear capacities of beams”, Procedia Engineering, 90, 89-95.
Jing, Li., Lin-fu, W., Lin, J., Juan, L. and Hu, L. (2011). “Numerical simulation of uniaxial compression performance of big recycled aggregate-filled concrete”, Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE) International Conference, 1367-1370.
Kim, S.M. and Abu Al-Rub, R.K. (2010). “Meso-scale computational modeling of the plastic-damage response of cementitious composites”, Cement and Concrete Research, 41(3), 339-358.
Mori, T. and Tanaka, K. (1973). “Average stress in matrix and average energy of materials with misfitting inclusions”, Acta Metallurgica, 21, 571-574.
Nguyen, T.T.H., Bary, B. and Larrard, T. (2015). “Coupled carbonation-rust formation-damage modeling and simulation of steel corrosion in 3D mesoscale reinforced concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research, 74, 95-107.
Özcan, D. M., Bayraktar, A., Sahin, A., Haktanir, T. and Tüker, T. (2009). “Experimental and Finite Element analysis on the steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams ultimate behavior”, Construction and Building Materials, 23(2), 1064-1077.
Qin, C. and Zhang, C. (2011). “Numerical study of dynamic behavior of concrete by meso-scale particle element modeling”, International Journal of Impact Engineering, 38(12), 1011-1021.
Rashid-Dadash, P. and Ramezanianpour, A.A. (2014). “Hybrid fiber reinforced concrete containing pumice and metakaolin”, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal (CEIJ), 47(2), 229-238.
Rizzuti, L. (2014). “Effects of fibre volume fraction on the compressive and flexural experimental behaviour of SFRC”, Contemporary Engineering Sciences, 7(8), 379-390.
Roubin, E., Colliat, J. and Benkemoun, N. (2015). “Meso-scale modeling of concrete: A morphological description based on excursion sets of random fields”, Computational Materials Science, 102, 183-195.
Salehian, H., Barros, J.A.O. and Taheri, M. (2014). “Evaluation of the influence of post-cracking response of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) on load carrying capacity of SFRC panels”, Construction and Building Materials, 73, 289-304.
Shahabeyk, S., Hosseini, M. and Yaghoobi, M. (2011). “Meso-scale Finite Element prediction of concrete failure”, Computational Materials Science, 50(7), 1973-1990.
Skarzynski, L. and Tejchman, J. (2010). “Calculations of fracture process zones on meso-scale in notched concrete beams subjected to three-point bending”, European Journal of Mechanics, 29(4), 746-760.
Smilauer, V. and Bazant, Z. (2010). “Identification of viscoelastic C-S-H behavior in mature cement paste by FFT-based homogenization method”, Cement and Concrete Research, 40(2), 197-207.
Smilauer, V. and Krejci, T. (2009). “Multiscale model for temperature distribution in hydrating concrete”, International Journal for Multiscale Computational Engineering, 7(2), 135-151.
Sun, B., Wang, X. and Li, Z. (2015). “Meso-scale image-based modeling of reinforced concrete and adaptive multi-scale analyses on damage evolution in concrete structures”, Computational Materials Science, 110, 39-53.
Tailhan, J.L., Rossi, P. and Daviau-Desnoyers, D. (2015). “Probabilistic numerical modeling of cracking in steel fiber reinforced concretes”, Cement and Concrete Composites, 55, 315-321.
Teng, T.L., Chu, Y.A., Chang, F.A., Shen, B.C. and Cheng, D.S. (2007). “Development and validation of numerical model of steel fiber reinforced concrete for high-velocity impact”, Computational Materials Science, 42(1), 90-99.
Teng, T.L., Chu, Y.A., Chang, F.A. and Chin, H.S. (2004). “Calculating the elastic moduli of steel-fiber reinforced concrete using a dedicated empirical formula”, Computational Materials Science, 31(3-4), 337-346. 
Titscher, T. and Unger, J.F. (2015). “Application of molecular dynamics simulations for the generation of dense concrete meso-scale”, Computers & Structures, 158, 274-284.
Ulm, F.J. and Jennings, H.M. (2008). “Does C-S-H particle shape matter? A discussion of the paper ‘Modelling elasticity of a hydrating cement paste’, by Julien Sanahuja, Luc Dormieux and Gilles Chanvillard, CCR 37 (2007) 1427-1439”, Cement and Concrete Research, 38(8), 1126-1129.
Wang, X., Yang, Z. and Jivkov, A.P. (2015). “Monte Carlo simulations of mesoscale fracture of concrete with random aggregate and pores: a size effect study”, Construction and Building Materials, 80, 262-272.
Wang, Z.L., Shi, Z.M. and Wang, J.G. (2011). “Analysis of post-cracking stage in SFRC elements through a non-linear numerical approach”, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 108, 238-250.
Wang, Z.L., Konietzky, H. and Huang, R.Y. (2009). “Elastic-plastic-hydrodynamic analysis of crater blasting in steel fiber reinforced concrete”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 52(2), 111-116.
Wang, Z.M., Kwan, A.K.H. and Chan, H.C. (1999). “Mesoscopic study of concrete I: Generation of random aggregate structure and Finite Element mesh”, Computers and Structures, 70(5), 533-544.
Williamson, G.R. (1974). “The effect of steel fibers on the compressive strength of concrete”, ACI Jouranl, 44, 195-208.
Wriggers, P. and Moftah, S.O. (2006). “Meso-scale models for concrete: homogenization and damage behavior”, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 42(7), 623-636.
Wu, M., Chen, Z. and Zhang C. (2015). “Determining the impact behavior of concrete beams through experimental testing and meso-scale simulation: I. Drop-weight tests”, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 135, 94-112.
Xu, Z., Hao, H. and Li, H.N. (2012a). “Meso-scale modeling of dynamic tensile behavior of fiber reinforced concrete with spiral fiber”, Cement and Concrete Research, 42(11), 1475-1493.
Xu, Z., Hao, H. and Li, H.N. (2012b). “Meso-scale modeling of fiber reinforced concrete material under compressive impact loading”, Construction and Building Materials, 26(1), 274-288.
Yazici, S., Arel, H.S. and Tabak, V. (2013). “The effects of impact loading on the mechanical properties of the SFRCs”, Construction and Building Materials, 41, 68-72.
Zaitsev, Y.B. and Wittmann, F.H. (1981). “Simulation of crack propagation and failure of concrete”, Materials and Structures, 14(2), 357-365.
Zhang, J. (2013). “Three-dimensional modelling of steel fiber reinforced concrete material under intense dynamic loading”, Construction and Building Materials, 44, 118-132.
Zheng, J.J., Li, C.Q. and Zhou, X.Z. (2005) “Thickness of interfacial transition zone and cement content profiles between aggregates”, Magazine of Concrete Research, 57(7), 397-406.
Zhou, X.Q. and Hao, H. (2009). “Mesoscale modeling and analysis of damage and fragmentation of concrete slab under contact detonation”, International Journal of Impact Engineering, 36(12), 1315-1326.
Zhou, X.Q. and Hao, H. (2008a). “Meso-scale modeling of concrete tensile failure mechanism at high strain rates”, Computers & Structures, 86(21-22), 2013-2026.
Zhou, X.Q. and Hao, H. (2008b). “Modeling of compressive behavior of concrete-like materials at high strain rate”, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 45(17), 4648-4661.
Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal
Volume 49, Issue 1
June 2016
Pages 21-32

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 21 August 2014
  • Revise Date: 28 December 2015
  • Accept Date: 30 December 2015

Share

How to cite

Statistics